01Check the requirements
The BüG requires, among other things, ten years' residence and a settlement permit C, successful integration and familiarity with Swiss living conditions, language skills (roughly B1 spoken, A2 written), a secure livelihood without social assistance, respect for public safety and order, and observance of the rule of law.
02Language & naturalisation test
Language proof is provided through a recognised language certificate; familiarity with Swiss conditions is assessed, depending on canton and municipality, in a naturalisation interview or test. These records are in German and need no translation.
03Documents & translation
Now the foreign-language documents are needed: birth certificate, where applicable marriage/divorce certificate and – depending on your country of origin – a foreign police-clearance certificate, in certified translation and in part with an apostille.
04Application to the authority
The application runs through the Confederation (SEM), the canton and your municipality of residence. Appointments often have to be booked months in advance; the Swiss criminal-record extract should usually be no older than three months when filed.
05Review & federal permit
For ordinary naturalisation the Confederation first issues the federal naturalisation permit (eidgenössische Einbürgerungsbewilligung) before the canton and municipality decide. Incorrect name spellings are a frequent cause of returns here.
06Naturalisation decision
With the naturalisation decision of the canton and municipality, Swiss citizenship takes effect. Complete, correctly translated documents noticeably shorten the path there.